Introduction to Node-JS

Node JS is a JavaScript runtime built on Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine.
In other words Node -JS is built on top of "Chrome V8 Java Script Engine" which is known for high performance and efficient execution of JS Code
Node JS is cross platform means it can run on windows,linux and also on other platforms.
Node JS is Open source and it is maintained by Open JS Foundation.
Node JS executes Java Script outside the web browser.

Yes Node-JS operates on event driven architecture means it can handle asynchronous operation.

Node-JS can handle asynchronous operation. Async I/0 also known as Non-Blocking I/O
In other words it can perform input/output tasks without blocking other operations.

Node-JS was developed ny Ryan Dahl in 2009.
Node-JS runs Java script code and to run Java script code we need a Java script-Engine whether it's in a browser like Chrome or a server Environment or in other words wherever there is Java Script there is a Java Script-Engine.
Initially Ryan Dahl worked with Spider Monkey which itself is a Java script Engine but switched in 2 days to the V8 Engine to Google Chrome due to it's performance. Now V8 engine powers Node-JS.
Ryan Dahl developed Node-JS independently but a company named Joyent shown interested in Node-JS.

Initially Apache was used to create HTTP server and it's a blocking server and Ryan Dahl wanted to build a non-blocking server.
In other words before Node -JS, the Apache HTTP Server was widely used but had blocking I/O, meaning it could handle fewer concurrent requests.
Th primary advantage of Non-Blocking is it can handle multiple requests with lesser number of threads.

NPM is a package manager for Node-JS it came in 2010.
NPM is basically a resistor or a central place where we can add new packages and packages can be of anything example if we want to handle time, date, images etc. there are separate packages for it.
NPM was developed by Joyent in 2010 initially available for Mac-OS and Linux.
In 2011 Windows support came up and it was led by Joyent and Microsoft, then windows support for Node-JS was build.
In 2012, Ryan Dahl stepped down from managing Node.JS, and Isaac Z. Schlueter, creator NPM, took over.

In 2014, a developer named Fedor Indutny forked Node.JS, creating IO.JS, due to disagreements within the community.
IO.JS and Node-JS merged back together in 2015 and they maintained Node-JS.
In 2019 two major communities, the JS-Foundation and Node-JS foundation merged to form the Open-JS Foundation.

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